“We’re bringing together so many people who want to do something about suicide.”

Photo: Alan Dickson Photography

For most of his life, Scott Chisholm has been empowering people by teaching them essential life skills, and protecting people by watching over them as a first responder. It started in his early teens, when he worked as a lifeguard and swimming instructor in his hometown of Marathon, Ontario. Later, he became a paramedic, and eventually moved into his current position as a firefighter with Thunder Bay Fire Rescue.

Looking at Scott’s life from a distance, his previous efforts seem like stepping stones on a predestined path that led him to his ultimate role in saving lives: as founder of Collateral Damage. The charitable organization, which he launched in 2009, uses storytelling to create a proactive dialogue about suicide, with the goal of breaking the stigma that surrounds it.

His work with Collateral Damage includes travelling the country to speak about suicide prevention and shoot photographs for a book of stories he’s putting together, as well as facilitating other organizations’ programs to help deliver suicide awareness training. His achievements have earned him several well-deserved honours, including:

• Being named a Champion of Mental Health by the Canadian Alliance on Mental Illness and Mental Health (2012);
• Receiving a Certificate of Appreciation from the Canadian Association for Suicide Prevention (2012); and
• Receiving the Arnold Devlin Community Award from the Ontario Association for Suicide Prevention (2013).

Through Collateral Damage, Scott has helped countless people across Canada (and beyond) who have been touched by suicide—people who are just like him. His desire to raise awareness and help prevent suicide comes from a deeply personal place; when he was only 17 his father, Robert, took his own life.

Close to home

It happened on a weekend in 1982 when Scott and his four siblings were out of town. He and his eldest brother were playing an away basketball tournament for Marathon High School, and their coach and an older cousin who was also on their team delivered the news.

“I remember the impact just being incredibly profound, just that feeling like a bomb went off,” says Scott. “One of the songs that always hit me was Chantal Kreviazuk’s Surrounded; when she talks about the bomb, that’s exactly how it felt.”

’Cause I was there
When they dropped the bomb
You know I remember the bomb
And I still hear the bomb
And I still fight the bomb
You know I still fear the bomb
You know I still hate the bomb

“I remember the sounds, the feeling, the smell, the environment,” he says. “I will never get it out of my mind. It definitively changed who I was then and who I am today.”

Growing up, Scott might not have had the words to articulate it. But looking back now, he recognizes that his father was a depressive alcoholic with “significant mental health issues.” Robert was hospitalized six times (“that I know of,” says Scott), although the real reason was usually kept from his children.

“I was often told other things about what was going on,” says Scott. “I was once told that my dad was in the hospital for hemorrhoids. It rings with me today, how far we’d go to make things up to hide mental health issues.”

For Scott, his father’s death marked the first time he’d lost a loved one. So, for quite awhile he wasn’t aware that people’s reaction—to completely avoid the subject—wasn’t a typical response to death. It took several years before he realized just how specific that code of silence is to suicide.

Answering the siren call

With no one to talk to, Scott got through the first few difficult months after Robert’s suicide by focusing on finishing high school. He graduated that spring of 1982 and started gearing up to leave home for university. “I was able to compartmentalize and put (my father’s death) aside. Whether that was out of my personal need or whether that was the normal chronology of the time in my life, I don’t know.”

Scott started out studying criminology at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Alberta; he’d gone there planning to become a police officer, but quickly realized that wasn’t his calling. What hadn’t changed, however, was that he wanted a job where he could care for others. With his strong athletic background (which had expanded to include two Ironman triathlons, as well as hang gliding, rock climbing, windsurfing, sailing—just about anything that kept him moving), becoming a paramedic seemed like a natural extension of his talents and interests.

He completed the Paramedic program at St. Clair College in Windsor, Ontario in 1988, and then accepted what he thought would be a temporary job as a full-time paramedic in Thunder Bay, Ontario. But as fate would have it, he wound up meeting the woman who would become the mother of his children, sons Curtis and Kyle (now 17 and 15), and he made the northern city his home.

After five years as a paramedic, Scott followed a colleague’s lead and, on a whim, took the exam to become a firefighter. He passed with flaming colours and found himself more at home than ever. “One of the things I learned as a paramedic is that my personality is one of giving and caring, and that job let me do that on a regular basis,” he says. “Firefighting took that to a new level because of the diversity of the work, whether it be rescuing people from fires or car crashes. People phone fire when they don’t know who else to call.”

While answering their cries for help, Scott discovered he had a special talent for pulling people out of the fire before it consumed them—whether the fires were literal or metaphorical. “When I responded to suicide calls, I learned that I had a unique ability to deal with them, and to work with families and see their situation in a different light.”

In addition to exploring his own capabilities, he was also learning about the particular power of the fire department. He and his fellow firefighters were involved in plenty of local fundraising and awareness campaigns, including for youth initiatives and cancer research. Scott immediately noticed the impact they had on the community. “With our red fire truck, we could raise more money than other organizations, and engage the community for social change. I always said that if we have the ability to do this, we also have a responsibility.”

Collateral Damage

Scott’s desire to draw from his strengths in order to empower others seems innate.

“Over the years, I never hid the fact that my father died by suicide,” he says. “All my siblings handled it differently, but for some reason it was within my DNA that I would be open about it. I wouldn’t advertise it, but if somebody asked about my dad, I’d say that he had died, and if they asked how, I’d say, ‘By suicide.’

“What I found is that by being open about it, people would ask questions. People would engage in a conversation and would ultimately learn from it. And this would happen time and time again.”

Another frequent response he got from sharing this story was this: “Scott, I would never picture you tied to suicide.” People in his community saw him as a paramedic or firefighter, as an athlete and doting father. To them, those roles didn’t jive with their mental image of what suicide looks like.

When Scott asked what they thought the picture should look like, no one had an answer. So, he started looking online for images about suicide. But all he found was “cold, dark text, usually on grieving and not about moving forward.”

His mother had given him a camera when he was 18 (not long after his father’s death), and he’d rarely put it down since. By the late 1990s, he had started a professional photography business on the side, and had become more aware than ever of the power of telling stories through images. So, the idea hatched to create a photobook of people who had lost loved ones to suicide. He would call it The Collateral Damage Project.

Scott formally launched the Collateral Damage organization in 2009, with a mandate “to use images and stories to create a proactive dialogue on suicide to get rid of the stigma.” He secured support from Alex Baumann, Canada’s two-time Olympic gold medallist in swimming, who lost his brother to suicide, and the two landed an interview with CBC Radio’s Ontario Today. After that, things really got rolling.

Originally, the plan had been to collect stories from people living in Northern Ontario. Scott believed there were enough stories in and around Thunder Bay, and with no budget to speak of, it didn’t seem realistic to broaden the project’s scope. The CBC interview changed everything.

“People from all over the country and around the world sent stories and wanted to be part of the book,” he says. “I realized that I wanted to move to another level, to include stories from every province and territory, and to show what suicide is in Canada through images and stories.”

The idea morphed yet again to include travelling exhibits when he was invited to display photos at the 2010 Canadian Association for Suicide Prevention (CASP) conference. It was held in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia that year, and the interim Collateral Damage exhibit was so popular that it was extended beyond its initial three-day slot, staying on to tour the province for five weeks.

Scott continued to seek funding for his book. But as the months wore on and he ran into one dead end after another, he started expanding into speaking and advocacy, spreading the message to raise awareness for the project but also to get people talking about suicide.

Delivering a Collateral Damage talk at New Brunswick Community College, Fredericton, N.B., 2012

It was at one of those engagements, at Wapekeka First Nation’s annual Survivors of Suicide (SOS) conference, that Susan Aglukark, now a member of the Collateral Damage advisory team, really got Scott thinking. She commended him on his awareness work, but asked, “Scott, what do you want people to do?”

“I’d never even thought about it,” he says. “I was collecting and sharing stories, and encouraging people to start a dialogue. But what did I ultimately want them to do with it?”

After struggling for an answer, Scott returned to his own story; he asked himself what he wanted when he was in Grade 12, stranded in his community because no one knew how to respond to his father’s suicide. His answer: “I wanted my teachers to know how to talk about it. I had the best report card of my high school career after my father died, but I hadn’t attended classes. And it was because my teachers didn’t have the tools to talk to me about suicide. So, I wanted definitive tools in the Faculty of Education curriculum for teachers.”

But Susan knew to keep challenging Scott. She asked him what else he wanted, and he struggled again before looking at what his dad might have needed. “He struggled continuously with mental health issues, and he was discharged from hospital six times,” says Scott. “I looked into nursing and medical school curricula and found absolutely nothing relating to suicide. So, I said, ‘I want tools for medical school and nursing students in Canada.’”

Next, Scott reflected on his father’s friends. Most had worked at the pulp and paper mill that was Marathon’s leading employer in those days. They were trained in CPR and First Aid; they knew what to do when they saw the warning signs of cardiac arrest. But they didn’t know how to respond to the signs of a suicidal person.

“They knew enough about my dad’s mental state to know he was at great risk,” says Scott. “But they didn’t know how to talk to him about what was distressing him. Had my father had a cardiac condition instead of a mental health illness, he may have been in better hands with his friends because they had the basic training they needed to respond to that.” So, Scott decided to begin advocating for basic suicide awareness and response skills in the workplace.

From Susan’s one simple question, and by reflecting on one story—Robert Chisholm’s—Scott was able to create the advocacy parameters for Collateral Damage: To advocate for curriculum, policy and legislation changes on how suicide is talked about, and to do so by incorporating the power of storytelling.

Talk of change

To date, Scott has collected stories from Canadians across Nova Scotia and Ontario, including several remote First Nations communities—areas he says he targeted because he “couldn’t ignore the stats, and didn’t want to ignore the stats, about the prevalence of suicide among First Nations youth.” He’s still inviting people to share their stories, and continues to seek funding to complete the book and touring exhibits. He hopes to officially launch the project in the spring of 2015, but how it comes together will depend on the money he’s able to raise.

Scott is also making good on his promise to bring about curriculum and policy changes, in large part by facilitating other mandates. He’s helped arrange and deliver several rounds of SafeTALK, a three-hour course designed by Calgary-based company Living Words to help people in the workplace identify and respond to suicidal traits.

“SafeTALK teaches participants how to identify people who are at risk of suicide,” says Scott. “It explains how to talk to them and keep them safe, and what resources to direct them to. I liken it to CPR, which I’ve taught for years; with CPR, you teach people to recognize the signs of cardiac arrest, like someone clutching their chest, and tell them what to do until 911 steps in. With SafeTALK, we’re not teaching people how to treat mental illness; we’re giving them the fundamental tools to keep people alive until they can get them the longer-term help they need.”

Through Collateral Damage, he also advocates for Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) through the Mental Health Commission of Canada (MHCC). It’s a two-day workshop that covers mental health disorders more generally, with suicide prevention comprising a small part of the workshop. He recommends that people take the program as a follow-up to SafeTALK, which he views as a critical starting point for preventing and responding to suicide.

Then there’s the tremendous gains Collateral Damage has made with the Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM). Scott gave his first talk to the school in November 2011, and as a result, they’ve already incorporated mandatory suicide awareness training into their first-year MD curriculum. He says he’s gotten inquires from other universities in Canada and the UK, and is optimistic that many more will soon follow NOSM’s example.

“I think that the advocacy for curriculum policy and legislation is really on track to make definitive change across the country. When I look at the need among organizations of all sizes, across Canada and internationally, I really see the potential for our work with Collateral Damage to launch a national foundation to share stories of those affected by suicide.”

Scott is buoyed not only by the interest in his organization, but also by the outstanding support it has received. In addition to Alex Baumann and Susan Aglukark, the Collateral Damage’s advisory team includes a host of accomplished athletes and musicians, including impossible2Possible founder and Kickass Canadian Ray Zahab, former NHL player Russ Courtnall and Our Lady Peace drummer Jeremy Taggart. They’ve also got strong backing from legendary Canadian singer-songwriter Bruce Cockburn, as well as from I Mother Earth lead singer Brian Byrne and his wife, Tara.

“We’re bringing together so many people who want to do something about suicide,” say Scott. “I believe we’re very close to a breakthrough.”

Gathering for World Suicide Prevention Day at Wilfred Laurier University, Waterloo, Ont., 2014. From left: Susan Aglukark; Waterloo Fire Service Deputy Chief Jamie Zimmerman; Tana Nash, Executive Director of the Waterloo Region Suicide Prevention Council and President of the Ontario Association for Suicide Prevention; Scott

The Life Promotion Project

Of Scott’s many efforts, one of his proudest accomplishments is his involvement with the Life Promotion Project. The three-year pilot project, which is funded through Health Canada’s National Aboriginal Youth Suicide Prevention Strategy (NAYSPS), is currently in its second year. Over the past two summers, he has served as a primary facilitator for the initiative, overseeing SafeTALK training and leading PhotoVoice photography sessions for First Nations communities throughout Ontario—specifically, Thunder Bay, Sudbury and London.

“The Life Promotion Project is the most significant suicide prevention project Canada has ever had,” says Scott. “It has trained SafeTALK instructors in 95 First Nations communities in Ontario. And through the six PhotoVoice sessions I’ve led, we’ve been able to empower more than 180 First Nations youth to bring about positive social change through photography.”

Those youth are now in the process of exploring their communities to photograph images that “promote life.” Ultimately, their photos will be featured in an exhibit and a book, which Scott is helping them put together.

Given the high prevalence of suicide among First Nations youth, he’s happy and excited to see what this project can do to improve lives—and even to save them. “The approach I bring to the Life Promotion Project draws on the idea behind the Collateral Damage Project. We’re working to help First Nations youth share stories and speak their truths. I firmly believe that telling stories saves lives.”

Teaching PhotoVoice for the Life Promotion Project, Sudbury, Ont., 2014

Stories worth telling

This past August, when beloved actor and comedian Robin Williams took his own life, several media outlets interviewed Scott, looking for his take on the tragedy. He recalls one interviewer who noted how devastated her mother was by Robin’s death. Scott asked whether the newscaster thought her mother would donate to the Heart & Stroke Foundation if Robin had died from a stroke. The woman said she absolutely would have. But Robin died by suicide, and the newscaster acknowledged that her mother wasn’t looking to donate to an organization like Collateral Damage.

The reason behind that, says Scott, is also behind one of the biggest misconceptions about suicide: “Most people don’t believe you can prevent it.” He firmly believes that the way to change that attitude, to get people to understand that we can do something about suicide before it happens, is to tell stories—like Robert Chisholm’s, like Robin Williams’—and put the necessary tools in place before they’re needed.

“You can’t learn CPR the moment you see someone clutching their chest,” says Scott. “You need to already have the skills before the person’s heart starts to fail, so that your response is automatic.”

One of the key lessons imparted through SafeTALK is that talking about suicide won’t cause it. He wants people to know that it’s okay to raise the subject, because only then can we start talking about the stressors and mental illnesses that result in suicide. “Ultimately, my work with Collateral Damage has nothing to do with suicide at all. It has everything to do with the issues that lead up to it. That’s what we need to talk about.

“What’s incredible about Robin Williams dying by suicide is that it drew the subject into the media. It showed that suicide does not discriminate; it can happen to anybody. It happened to my father 32 years ago in a small, isolated Northern Ontario community, and it happened this year in a large metropolis, with all the healthcare in the world, to someone who had the funds to access it. In both cases, we saw very similar things happening. And from both cases, we can look at what we need to do today to prevent it from happening in the future. We can learn from those stories to put the tools in place and empower people to take action.”

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For the latest on Scott and Collateral Damage, ‘Like’ the organization’s Facebook page, follow @SuicideTalk on Twitter, or email [email protected]. To support Collateral Damage and help get the book and exhibits completed, please donate.

Thank you to Ashleigh Presenger for recommending Scott as a Kickass Canadian.